ABSTRACT
Background: Colorectal cancer is considered as the most prevalent cancer among men and the third mostfrequent cancer among women in Saudi Arabia. Consequently, we aimed to assess the commonhistopathological findings of colon biopsies in Northern Saudi Arabia. Methodology: This study hasinvestigated the histopathological diagnosis of 88 patients subjected for colon and small intestine biopsies, theirages ranging from 18 to 99 years with a mean age of 48 years old at the Department of Pathology at KingKhalid Hospital, Hail, Northern Saudi Arabia. Results: Out of the 88 patients, 53(60.2%) were males and35(39.8%) were females. Diagnoses were reached in 77/88(87.5%) of the patients and could not be ascertainedin 11/88(12.5%). Adenocarcinoma was diagnosed in 10/77(13%) of the patients (9/10(90%) in colon-site and1/9(10%) in the small intestine. Conclusion: Colorectal precancerous and cancerous lesions are relativelyprevalent among patients referred to colorectal diagnostic biopsy. There is a substantial percentage ofinflammatory bowel cases among those referred to colorectal biopsies in Saudi Arabia.
ABSTRACT
Background: Thyroid disorders represent a major problem in Saudi Arabia, particularly in the northern part of the country. The objective of the current study was to investigate the immunohistochemical expression of CK19, CD56, and Gal-3 in a series of Saudi patients with thyroid carcinoma in Northern Saudi Arabia (Hail) region. Methodology: This is a retrospective study, investigated 50 formalin-fixed paraffin wax tissue blocks with a confirmed diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma from Northern Saudi Arabia. Immunohistochemistry demonstration was for CK19, CD56, and Gal-3 markers applying Avidin-Biotin method. Results: Out of the 50 patients, 45(90%) were females and 5(10%) were males, aged 13-70 years old with a mean age of 43 years. CK19 was positively expressed in 74% of the thyroid carcinoma. Positive CD56 expression was demonstrated in 45.7%, 58.3%, and 100% of the papillary, follicular and undifferentiated thyroid carcinomas, correspondingly. Positive Galectin-3 expression was demonstrated in 71.4%, 58.3%, and 100% of the papillary, follicular and undifferentiated thyroid carcinomas, correspondingly. Conclusion: Papillary thyroid carcinoma is the most common thyroid cancer in Northern Saudi Arabia. Females represent more than 90% of the cases of the thyroid carcinoma in Northern Saudi Arabia. CK19, CD56, and Gal-3 are useful for the assessment of thyroid carcinoma.
ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of the present study was to assess the association of Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) with demographical and economic factors in Northern Saudi Arabia. Methodology: Data about IBS was obtained from 946 Saudi volunteers. IBS was ascertained using Rome IV criteria. Each questionnaire was filled by a medical student during an active interview. Results: The prevalence rates of IBS with continuous symptoms and intermittent symptoms were 12% and 34%, respectively. IBS was significantly predominant among females (RR (95% CI)=1.1775(1.0182 to 1.3618), p=0.0276). IBS was significantly among relatively younger adults (21-40 years) (RR (95% CI)=1.6203 (1.3425 to 1.9556), p<0.0001). Conclusion: IBS associated symptoms are prevalent in Northern Saudi Arabia. IBS was significantly associated with females’ gender and younger age.
ABSTRACT
Background: Cystic fibrosis [CF] is a disease that occurs as a result of genetic mutations in cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene [CFTR]. CFTR can be found in airways epithelial cells, intestine and cells with exocrine and exocrine function. CF is associated with variant complications, Cystic Fibrosis-Related Diabetes [CFRD] is considered as one of the most common complications of CF
Objective: In this review, we discussed the recent updates about Cystic Fibrosis-Related Diabetes [CFRD] diagnosis and management plan
Methods: PubMed database were used for articles selection. All relevant articles related to our review were chosen to cover the following topics: Cystic Fibrosis, Cystic Fibrosis Related Diabetes management, Cystic Fibrosis Related Diabetes diagnosis. We excluded other articles, which are not related to our objectives
Conclusion: CFRD can significantly worse the health condition of CF patients. However, with the recent advancement of management plans of CFRD, previous sex differences in mortality have disappeared and that the gap in mortality between CF patients with diabetes and CF patients without diabetes has considerably narrowed. Early diagnosis and early intervention also helped in improving the quality of CFRD patients and preventing the complications. This can be obtained by annual screening for DM among CF patients since 10 years of age using OGTT as recommended by ADA. The primary pathologic feature of CFRD is insulin insufficiency. It leads to increased breakdown of protein and fat. So, insulin replacement is the only recommended medical treatment and it has been shown to improve clinical outcomes. Oral diabetes agents are usually not recommended in CFRD
ABSTRACT
Aim of the work: this study was carried out to determine the prevalence and risk factors of the occurrence of gallstone disease among the Saudi Arabian population. Patients and methods: a retrospective survey was done among 100 patients with gallstone disease from November 2016 to March 2017 using a structured data collection tool
Results: The results showed that 60% of those with the disease were women, while only 40% were men and 29% belonged to age group 30-39 years old. Among the risk factors studied, there was a statistically significant association between the disease and fever and lipid profile, total cholesterol, LDL, and TAG [p-value, <.01]. In addition to fever, majority of the patients also complained for right upper quadrant pain. Perhaps primary health care physicians should consider fever with right upper quadrant pain as warning signs for gallstone disease which should warrant more sensitive procedures like ultrasonography for early detection of the disease. Fundamental knowledge of gallstone disease is essential for clinicians so as proper management be offered to ailing patients